Vol. 7, no. 3, 2023
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «AVIATION-ROCKET AND POWER ENGINEERING»
CONTENTS
POWER AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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A. G. Nikiforov, L. A. Muslova. The analysis of single-stage piston compressors operation under various conditions DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-9-14 The operation of compressor equipment is associated with a constant change in external conditions (pressures in the suction and discharge lines, suction temperature, intake gas composition), which naturally affects the efficiency of the working process and can lead to unacceptable operating conditions. The passport data of the compressors correspond to the nominal operating modes. The paper presents studies allowing to supplement the operational documentation with information about the permissible modes of operation. The presented data may allow us to correctly develop an automation system with acceptable levels of locks. Keywords: piston compressor, operating mode, feed ratio, isothermal efficiency. |
9-14 |
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V. L. Yusha, M. A. Sutyaginskiy, Yu. A. Potapov. Comparative evaluation of the energy and economic efficiency of vapor compression heat pumps in modernization of large chemical and oil refining industries. Part 2 DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-15-23 The question of the expediency of increasing the energy efficiency of a large chemical and oil refining industry by using process heat carriers and raw materials as heaters of vapor compression heat pumps based on systems for recuperating heat process losses is considered. A feature of the energy system under consideration is the provision of the main circuit of the heat pump and its drive from a common source of thermal energy. The influence of the temperature parameters of the consumer of high-potential thermal energy, the source of low-potential thermal energy and the energy efficiency of the main functional elements of the energy system under consideration on the ratio of the amount of generated thermal energy supplied to the consumer to the amount of thermal energy losses used is analyzed. In addition, an assessment was made of the influence of the listed factors on the redistribution of low-potential thermal energy flows between the main circuit of the heat pump and its drive. The presented results reflect the fundamental possibility of increasing the temperature level of process heat carriers and raw materials without significant costs for additional external energy sources. The efficiency of reuse of heat losses in a closed technological cycle depends on the temperature conditions of the consumer and the source of thermal energy in the heat pump cycle, on the connection scheme of the thermal energy source and on the energy efficiency of the equipment used. Keywords: recuperation, energy converter, vapor-compression heat pump, energy conversion coefficient, redistribution of low-potential thermal energy flows. |
15–23 |
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A. D. Vanyashov, V. L. Yusha. Methods and technologies for adaptation of main and auxiliary equipment of compressor plants and stations to unstable operating conditions DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-24-35 The hierarchical structure of the compressor industry facilities is presented, taking into account their interaction and mutual influence. Analysis of production facilities that implement the gas compression technology, unstable operating conditions, the cause and nature of their occurrence, the degree of influence on the impact on facilities of different levels was performed. The technologies of adaptation of compressor equipment to unstable operating conditions are systematized, at the same time, depending on the emerging tasks, adaptation technologies are divided into stages (levels) of implementation. Present problems of scientific and methodological nature on implementation of technologies of adaptation of compressor equipment to unstable operating conditions at different levels of hierarchical structure of facilities are shown. Keywords: compressor, compressor plant, compressor station, gas compressor macro system, unstable operating conditions, adaptation technologies. |
24–35 |
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A. V. Kulbyakina, A. I. Savelyeva, N. A. Ozerov, P. A. Batrakov. System analysis as a tool for implementing low–waste and waste–free production at oil and gas industry enterprises DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-36-45 The introduction of low–waste and waste–free technologies is an actuale development direction for oil and gas enterprises, in particular for oil refineries. Development of methodological approaches to the analysis and synthesis of complex energy systems in order to increase the efficiency and environmental safety of the objects under study through the introduction of low–waste and waste–free technologies, the implementation of technological cycles close to closed. The solution of the task was carried out in accordance with the basic principles of the system analysis of complex objects, in stages: analysis of the structure of the object using the decomposition–aggregation approach; determination of internal and external links between the elements of the system; determination of the regularities of the functioning of the object and the complex of influencing factors. A block–hierarchical structure of an oil refining enterprise has been developed, which establishes quantitative and qualitative links between the elements of the system at all levels of the hierarchy. A system of performance indicators is proposed, in accordance with which an assessment is made of the current state of the object under study. The most energy–intensive production facilities of an oil refining enterprise have been determined, their exergy balances, have been calculated. The analysis made it possible to assess the potential for increasing environmental and energy efficiency, the main directions for the implementation of low–waste and waste–free technologies. Science–based directions for improving environmental safety and energy efficiency of the object of study are determined. Several options for schemes are proposed, an assessment of the energy and technical and economic efficiency of the integration of the proposed solutions into the energy complex of oil refineries is carried out. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of integrating the proposed scheme in an existing enterprise. Keywords: hydrocarbon raw materials, energy complex, system analysis, waste–free technologies, energy resources. |
36–45 |
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E. N. Slobodina, I. A. Stepashkin, D. V. Kovalenko, A. G. Mikhailov, E. A. Rogachev. Calculation studies of heat transfer in the flow of nanofluids DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-46-52 This research delves into the study of heat transfer in nanofluids, which are specialized fluids containing nanoparticles. The investigation focuses on understanding crucial factors affecting heat transfer in nanofluids, such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, flow patterns, and density. Both experimental and computational methods are employed to explore how various nanofluid compositions perform in different scenarios. The outcomes of this study contribute to an improved comprehension of nanofluid behavior and its potential applications in enhancing heat transfer processes. Keywords: nanofluid, heat transfer, thermal conductivity, viscosity, flow regimes, density. |
46–52 |
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A. N. Korolevskikh, O. A. Dvinskaya, E. A. Bogdanova. Modernization of the load gripping device for forestry industry DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-53-61 The article proposes to install toothed plates on the contact surfaces of a foreign-made friction-clamping load-gripping device. The modernization of the friction-clamping load-gripping device is designed to use the device when moving goods from wood. The need for modernization is substantiated. The parameters of the gear plate are determined. The reliability of the upgraded friction-clamping load-gripping device was estimated. The article will be useful to engineers and researchers working on reverse engineering of foreign-made industrial equipment. Keywords: load-gripping equipment, friction-clamping load-gripping device, reverse engineering. |
53–61 |
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A. V. Popov, S. V. Ushnurtsev, A. V. Keller. Synthesis of regularities of control of blocking properties of differential transmission mechanisms DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-62-69 The analysis of the operating conditions of four-wheel drive vehicles allows us to conclude that they are characterized by a continuously and significantly changing spread of the values of loads falling on the driving wheels, as well as the spread of resistance to movement and wheel adhesion to the bearing surface. In this regard, the degree of blocking of the inter-axle, inter-vehicle and inter-wheel connections should automatically change depending on the driving conditions, providing the car with the maximum reserve of traction forces with the minimum possible rolling resistance. Keywords: four-wheel drive car, transmission, differential mechanism, locking, driving wheels, cross-country. |
62–69 |
AVIATION AND ROCKET-SPACE ENGINEERING
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V. I. Trushlyakov, V. V. Yudintsev, V. A. Urbansky, S. Yu. Onishchuk, D. A. Klenin. Design and development of Cartesian propulsion system of the autonomous docking module for target acquisition DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-70-81 The concept of building an orbital complex for operational interception of a target is proposed, including in its composition the method of ballistic construction of operational interception, recommendations to the design appearance of the Cartesian propulsion system of the autonomous docking module, functioning at the stage of close-in guidance during tether delivery from the upper stage to the target, at the stage of capture and transfer of the target to the disposal orbit as part of the rotating tether space system. As a criterion for selecting the Cartesian propulsion system design (fuel reserves, thrust of each chamber and their number, minimum change in the coordinates of the autonomous docking module center of mass over the entire interval of Cartesian propulsion system operation), the minimum mass of the autonomous docking module is taken. For comparison, two methods of constructing the ballistic scheme of target intercept are considered: the classical method, with the orbital complex entering the target orbit with zero relative velocities, and the method based on the use of rotating tether space system, with the orbital complex entering the target intercept orbit with velocities at the rendezvous point of up to 200 m/s. Кeywords: Cartesian propulsion system, upper stage, autonomous docking module, rotating tether space system, target, capture, disposal orbit. |
70-81 |
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A. B. Yakovlev. Development of mathematical model of processes in gas generator with unitary fuel for powering turbine of liquid rocket engine DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-82-88 The article considers the dynamic model of a gas generator with control throttle of liquid rocket engine with pumping supply system and unitary fuel for powering the turbine. The system of dynamic equations describing the processes occurring in a single-component gas generator and a throttle valve is obtained. The mathematical model makes it possible to analyze and identify the main patterns of the influence of input quantities on the controlled quantity. Keywords: dynamic processes, automatic control system, single-component gas generator, throttle valve, liquid rocket fuel. |
82-88 |
MATERIAL SCIENCE AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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O. V. Kropotin, E. A. Rogachev, E. A. Drozdova, A. A. Kalenchuk, E. G. Glukhoverya, O. V. Maliy. The effect of electrically conductive carbon black on properties of the linear low-density polyethylene DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2023-7-3-89-94 The effect of electrically conductive carbon black on the electrophysical and mechanical properties of linear low-density polyethylene has been experimentally investigated. The structural parameters of carbon black have been determined, which have a significant effect on the electrical conductivity of carbon black and the electrical conductivity of polymer composite materials when it is used as a filler. It is established that the introduction of 10–20 wt. % carbon black in linear low-density polyethylene provides high conductivity of composite materials, while increasing their modulus of elasticity, but at the same time reduces elongation at break. It is shown that, in general, the studied carbon black is a promising filler in the development of electrically conductive polymer composite materials for electrical and radio engineering purposes. Keywords: electrically conductive carbon black, linear low-density polyethylene, electrically conductive polymer composites, carbon black structure, mechanical properties of polymer composites. |
89-94 |