Vol. 7, no. 2, 2022
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «SOCIETY. HISTORY. MODERNITY»
CONTENTS
HISTORY
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R. G. Gagkuev «The Admiral is becoming a dangerous ward for us» French General M. Janen’s assessment of situation on the White Eastern Front in December 1918 DOI: 10.25206 / 2542-0488-2022-7-2-10-17 The publication tells about the beginning of the activities in Siberia of the French General M. Janin, who arrived in the Far East in November 1918 as a representative of the Entente command and the future commander-in-chief of all the troops of the anti-Bolshevik Eastern Front. The situation in which the head of the French military mission in Siberia found himself in November-December 1918, his vision of the conflict between the Supreme Ruler Admiral A. V. Kolchak and Ataman G. M. Semenov, the role of the Czechoslovak Corps in the events of 1918, positions Japanese Expeditionary Force. The most important part of the work is Janin’s first published report to the French Minister of War. It describes in detail the conflict between A. V. Kolchak and G. M. Semenov, gives an assessment of Kolchak himself. The publication is addressed to researchers of the military-political sphere and international relations during the Civil War in Russia. Keywords: Russian Civil War (1917–1922), White Movement, intervention, the Entente, General M. Janen, Admiral A. V. Kolchak, Ataman G. M. Semenov. |
10–17 |
E. I. Krasilnikova, S. S. Paichadze The Russian necropolis in Japan: problems and prospects for studying DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-18-25 The paper is devoted to a historiographical review of the literature dedicated to the study of the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan and the prospects for further research on this topic. The external conditions of increasing interest in the topic of the history of the Russian necropolis abroad are characterized. The definition of the historical necropolis is given. The review is structured according to the chronological principle. The main studies of Japanese and Russian historians are revealed. The authors identified the primary studies in Russian and Japanese and concluded that is not much research on the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan until the end of the twentieth century, but the relevance of this topic in the past three decades. The paper shows the predominant exhaustion of the subject within the framework of traditional necropolistics. The paper proposes possible options for further study of the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan within discipline Memory studies and also with the use of cultural anthropology, social history and political sciences approaches. Keywords: necropolistics, Russian historical necropolis, historical memory, cultural and historical heritage, cultural anthropology, Japan. |
18–25 |
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M. V. Krotova «Omsk group» in exile in Manchuria DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-26-33 Based on unpublished sources and emigrant memoirs, the work analyzes the issue of social adaptation to the conditions of emigration in Manchuria by representatives of the «Omsk group», which consisted of former members of the anti-Bolshevik Siberian governments during the Civil War. Based on the theory of social adaptation and the anthropological approach, the article focuses on such aspects of the biography of this category of figures as behavioral strategies, service on the Chinese Eastern Railway, and the choice of citizenship. The study of the destiny of the “Omichi” in Harbin is necessary to present the activities of Russian public and political figures after the Civil War, to understand the problems of emigration in Manchuria and the peculiarities of the existence of the liberal intelligentsia. Keywords: social adaptation, Civil War, White Movement, Russian government of A. V. Kolchak, Omsk, Manchuria, emigration, Harbin, CER. |
26–33 |
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A. V. Sushko The role of Religion during the Civil War in Russia (on the example of processes in the Omsk and Pavlodar Diocese) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-34-42 Based on the example of the Omsk and Pavlodar Diocese, the article analyzes the influence of religion on the events of the Russian Revolution and the Civil War in Russia is analyzed. The religious factor is understood as the processes of the influence of religion on the beginning, course and outcome of the Civil War, on the activities of the opposing forces, political institutions and public opinion. The main thesis of this article is that in the Russian Revolution and the Civil War in Russia, for the majority of the population, religion did not play a consolidating pacifying role, but, on the contrary, became a factor in the disintegration of society and the escalation of civil confrontation. To confirm the main thesis, the author considers three aspects of the influence of the religion on the escalation of the Civil War in Russia. The first is the ideological conflict between the forces of the revolution and religious confessions, which naturally led the Church to the anti-Bolshevik camp. The second is conflicts between representatives of the clergy, caused by ideologically different views religious and political topics and support of socialist revolution by part of the clergy. The third is the decline in the authority of the Russian Orthodox Church as a social cultural institution among a significant part of the Orthodox population and among the non-Orthodox, which opened the way for the spread of varied ideologies of nationalism and socialism. Keywords: religious factor, Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, Siberia, Omsk, religious anthropology, Bishop Sylvester (Olshevsky). |
34-42 |
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V. I. Teterin The system of local self-government under government of A. V. Kolchak (The Case of Perm province) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-43-48 The article examines the problems of the development of the system of local selfgovernment bodies during the establishment of power by A. V. Kolchak in the Perm province. The great interest of scientists in the history of the Civil War made it possible to single out many problems that were not considered in Russian and foreign historiography. It is important to study the activities of the zemstvo and city government in new conditions. This became the goal of this study. During the revolution, the system of local self-government was subjected to significant changes, was actively involved in the political life of the country. However, in 1919, under A. V. Kolchak no longer played a big role in the political life of the zemstvo. In the Perm province, self-government was supposed to work in a frontline situation. With this in mind, the direction of development was only indicated, but in the summer of 1919, with the arrival of the Bolsheviks, the zemstvo was finally liquidated. Keywords: Civil War, White Army, local government, zemstvo, city councils, vowels, Perm province. |
43–48 |
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K. A. Tishkina Altai provincial Union of war crippled (1918–1920) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-49-56 The development of charity in Russia is increasingly reflected in contemporary Russian historiography. The military-revolutionary period of 1914–1920, associated with large-scale social cataclysms, in this respect it is especially relevant. The study of regional specifics is important for the disclosure of the problem. The purpose of the study is to reveal, using the example of the Altai provincial of war crippled (AlthrovUC), the peculiarities of the formation and activity of public associations under the conditions of the Russian Civil War in Siberia that provided support to disabled people of the First World War (training, employment, social care and adaptation, etc.). The source base of the work is the unpublished sources from the collections of the State Archives of the Altai Territory and materials of the West Siberian press, which are first introduced into scientific circulation. The anthropological approach and the theory of social adaptation became the methodological basis of the work. The author concludes that, despite the difficult conditions of the Russian Civil War (general financial and social crisis) AlthrovUC employees made a significant contribution to supporting the disabled of the First World War. Keywords: social adjustment, First World War, Russian Civil War, rehabilitation of military men, war cripples, rest house, employment rehabilitation, Altai province. |
49–56 |
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Actual History | |
N. N. Smirnov «The church cannot be separated from civil history...» DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-57-64 Nikolai Nikolaevich Smirnov — Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of St. Petersburg State University. In 2013–2018, he headed the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Specialist in the history of the Great Russian Revolution, Russian foreign policy, domestic intelligentsia. This interview was arranged in October 2021. It was given remotely and then edited by Nikolai Nikolaevich from St. Petersburg in January 2022. The conversation is devoted to the current state of the historiography of the Revolution and the Civil War in Russia. Special attention is paid to the problem of the religious factor in Russia during the Civil War. Keywords: Great Russian Revolution, Civil War in Russia, religious factor, Russian Orthodox Church, St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. |
57–64 |
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Historical Archive |
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Yu. A. Biryukova, A. S. Puchenkov «Russia is being openly destroyed by satanic forces...»: a memo from Archpriest Vladimir Vostokov to Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-65-75 In this publication, the reader is offered a note compiled by a well-known participant in the White Movement in the South of Russia, Priest Vladimir Vostokov, in connection with the decision of the Supreme Church Administration Abroad on August 19, 1922 to execute Decree No. 348 of His Holiness Patriarch Tikhon and the united presence of the Holy Synod and the Supreme Church Council on the abolition of this very Administration. The decree became a turning point in the history of the Russian Church Abroad in the direction of its separation from the Moscow Patriarchate and the violation of its internal unity. In addition to discussing the decree, Father Vladimir makes a lengthy digression into history, describing the events of the Russian Revolution and the Civil War, assessing the leaders and participants of the White Movement, inevitably touching on the Jewish question, as well as the reasons for the defeat of the White Movement. Keywords: Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, clergy, Russian Revolution, Civil War in Russia, monarchism, nationalism. |
65–75 |
History Name | |
D. I. Petin An unwilling officer: the engineer Mikhail Vasilyevich Lebedev in the era of social cataclysms DOI: 10.25206 / 2542-0488-2022-7-2-76-83 In this article, through the prism of the anthropological approach and the theory of social adaptation, the biography of the representative of the Russian technical intelligentsia Mikhail Vasilyevich Lebedev is analyzed. He was given an alternate service in the Russian (imperial) army, the People’s Army of the Committee of the Members of the Legislative Assembly, the White Siberian Army, the Red Army, and Soviet institutions. The study was based on a set of unpublished sources from the funds of the Museum of Urban Life, the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region, and the archive of the FSB of Russia in the Omsk Region. The author concludes that, despite belonging to the category of «former people» and repression, the hero of the story has successfully adapted to the conditions of the Soviet society. Keywords: officers, engineers, intelligentsia, social adaptation, World War I, Civil War, White Movement, Soviet power, Soviet society, Red Army, Omsk. | 76-83 |
PHILOSOPHY
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A. M. Kardash Is Justified True Belief Traditional Analysis of Knowledge? DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-84-94 The article makes a general argument against understanding the concept of knowledge as a justified true belief (JTB) as a traditional. For this purpose, it analyzes the works of researchers who begin question the traditionality of JTB. Their arguments are supplemented and placed in the context of a unified argument against the thesis of traditionality. In addition, attempts to defend the status of JTB by describing this concept as intuitive or umbrella term are criticized. Keywords: JTB, Gettier problem, epistemology, analytic philosophy, Plato, theory of knowledge. |
84–94 |
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R. A. Yuriev The history of Aristotelian society of the early period: the genesis and preconditions for development DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-95-101 The study presents the early period of the history of the Aristotelian society on the basis of the theoretical principles of network analysis by Randall Collins. The theoretical basis of network analysis has significant heuristic capabilities and help to understand the process of development of the Aristotelian Society, which has turned from a group of philosophy enthusiasts into a professional philosophical association. It is emphasized that quantitative criteria of periodization are problematic because they do not take into account the complex intellectual atmosphere in British philosophy of the late XIX–early XX century. The article discusses popular historical and philosophical cliches that simplify the reflection of this period only as an arena of rivalry between British idealists and analytical philosophers. The important role of Shadworth Hodgson as the first president of the Aristotelian Society is also considered. Keywords: philosophical societies, network analysis, analytic philosophy, British idealism, Hodgson’s philosophy. |
95–101 |
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IN MEMORIA CLASSICA | |
V. V. Tselishchev, A. V. Khlebalin Understanding and ad hoc Explanation: A Case of Russell’s Reducibility Axiom DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-102-107 The article examines the common interpretation of the axiom of reducibility in Principia Mathematica according to which the axiom cannot be considered as logical, which casts doubt on the success of the program of logicism. In particular, the ad hoc character attributed to the reducibility axiom is refuted and its explanatory role in substantiating Russell’s uniform approach to resolving set-theoretic and semantic paradoxes is affirmed. The key emphasis in the explanatory nature of the axiom of reducibility is placed on the intensional interpretation of mathematical discourse. Keywords: branched type theory, axiom of reducibility, explanatory scheme, understanding, intensionality of mathematics. | 102-107 |
ECONOMY
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A. E. Miller, A. M. Davydov Monitoring the interaction of production structures DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-108-115 The article is devoted to the development of methodological tools for tracking the parameters of interaction of production structures in the industrial sector of the economy. A system of monitoring the interaction of production structures is proposed, consisting of 3 main stages and including the object, subject, subjects, methods and means of monitoring the process of interaction of production structures. The principles of building an interaction monitoring system are formulated. The developed interaction monitoring system involves the collection and analysis of information about the parameters of interacting production entities selected for observation. Observation as the most important stage of the system of monitoring the interaction of production structures is proposed to be carried out through the use of such methods of collecting information and processing results as analysis of freely available materials, expert survey, questionnaire, statistical accounting, calculation method. The results of the evaluation of the interaction of production structures determined within the framework of the corresponding stage of the monitoring system are studied as fundamental in the implementation of regulatory measures by the interacting structures in terms of specifying regulatory and technical and technological requirements for its participants. Keywords: interaction, monitoring, system, observed parameters, production structures. |
108-115 |
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E. I. Brichka, I. A. Kolesnik, Yu. S. Zharkova The analysis of efficiency of risk-based approach in supervision activities of Federal Tax Service in the system of state financial monitoring DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-116-123 The article examines the issues of risk-oriented supervision in the activities of the Federal Tax Service, which is an integral part of the state financial monitoring of Russia. Modern practice shows that the increased pressure of tax services on taxpayers causes the growth of the «shadow sector» in the economy, at the expense of small and medium-sized enterprises experiencing uncertainty before the supervisory authorities. The strategy of increasing the number of office and field audits has little effect in motivating tax payments. Taxes are an integral institutional element of a market economy, which is both an economic and a legal category. The economic content of taxes consists in the redistribution of the gross national product and reflects the relationship to mobilize part of the income that is formed in the private sector at the disposal of the state. As a result, tax evasion, which is one of the predicate crimes, by organizations causes the growth of the shadow economy and contributes to the processes of money laundering. In this regard, the tasks of justifying the need to modernize the risk management system when implementing tax control in Russia and analyzing the introduction of a modern risk-based approach to tax supervision in order to stabilize the country’s financial system are very relevant. The purpose of the article is to formulate conclusions on the effectiveness of the application of the risk-based approach in the supervisory activities of the Federal Tax Service. Keywords: risk-oriented supervision, Federal Tax Service, financial monitoring, tax revenues, taxpayer risk, tax audits. |
116–123 |
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T. I. Gordievich, P. V. Ruzanov Conjunctural fluctuations in the Russian economy DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-124-133 The article is devoted to the study of macroeconomic trends in 2020-2021 in Russia. The relevance of the problem is connected with the need to determine the nature of conjunctural fluctuations of macro indicators. Russia’s GDP in 2020 showed a decrease of 3,1 %, in 2021 it is expected to grow by 4,5 %. The crisis of 2020 was reflected in the disruption of reproductive chains and affected the level of production of certain economic sectors. Economic growth in 2021 had a restorative character. It appeared in the form of a revival of consumer demand and the resumption of production growth in the industries affected by the coronacrisis. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main macroeconomic indicators in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic, to determine trends and patterns of economic development. The article uses methods of formal and meaningful analysis of statistical information. The present study shows that the conjunctural fluctuations of the economy are based on internal and external factors that stimulate and restrain economic growth. The trigger for the uneven development of the economy was a natural cataclysm in the form of a coronavirus pandemic. Keywords: gross domestic product, coronavirus pandemic, inflation, consumer price index, macroeconomic demand, monetary policy, key rate, money supply, fiscal policy. |
124-133 |
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E. A. Pogrebtsova, V. V. Leushkina, O. V. Kondratieva Motivation of agricultural workers: mechanism, features and directions of development DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-134-140 The effective activity of the enterprise is determined not only by advanced technologies, but also by the desire of employees to achieve high results. The formed mechanism of motivation of agricultural workers should contribute to increasing the productivity of workers. However, as practice shows, it does not give the proper result. The mechanism of motivation of workers engaged in agriculture has not been worked out in the specialized literature. The article presents an interpretation of the concept of «motivation» taking into account the peculiarities of agriculture. The causal relationship between motivation and motivational development of personnel is considered. The mechanism of motivation of agricultural workers has been developed on the example of an operating enterprise. Keywords: motivation, labor motivation mechanism, agriculture, stimulation of labor activity. |
134-140 |
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O. A. Yusupova Client-oriented approach for assessing the quality of website of freight forwarding company when servicing private clients DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-141-147 The article proposes a methodology for assessing the quality of the site of a transport and logistics company from the standpoint of customer focus on the basis of a survey of private clients-shippers.The first part of the article contains the rationale for the methodology. The second part of the article contains its approbation on the example of the company JSC RZD-Logistics. The methodology is based on expert judgment. It is subject to general and special criteria proposed by the author as ndicators of the quality of the carrier’s website. The results of the survey of respondents outlined the areas of work to improve the section of the website of the Russian Railways Logistics company in terms of website content, transparency of the algorithm for calculating the cost of services, the possibility of choosing a class of service and getting answers to typical questions of interest to the client. Thanks to the analysis of the comments of the interviewed experts regarding the ratings set, it became possible to study the reasons for their deviation from the maximum values and develop responses to improve the company’s website from the standpoint of customer focus. Keywords: assessment of the quality of transport services, quality criteria, freight transportation, company website. |
141-147 |
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E. S. Gusar, I. N. Primyshev Theoretical foundations of activities of executive authorities to reform health care system in Russian Federation DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-148-154 The authors identified the main factors influencing the process of reforming the health caresystem in Russia. The purpose is to study the essence and main features of the health care system in order to analyze the activities of executive authorities to reform the health care system in the Russian Federation. The authors noted that the health care system in Russia is built according to the district principle, which involves the division of certain territories into certain medical areas. The system of governing bodies of the health care system in the Russian Federation has been studied in more detail. The main powers of executive authorities in the management and reform of the health care system are determined. It is concluded that in modern conditions the management of the health care system in the Russian Federation is carried out by various authorities in the state, both at the federal and regional levels. However, reforming the health care system and organizing the achievement of health care goals for the protection of the health of individuals is carried out only by executive authorities with their inherent structure and powers. Keywords: health care, executive authorities, reforming, medical tourism, sanatoriumresort complex. |
148-154 |
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A. M. Shulzhenko Features of business education in context of development of youth entrepreneurship DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-2-155-162 The development of the youth entrepreneurship sector contributes to an increase in youth employment, the well-being of citizens, the flow of tax revenues to the budget. Despite the obvious positive qualities inherent in young people, a number of negative factors persist, for example, a lack of material resources and experience, lack or insufficient availability of business contacts and knowledge in the field of business. The peculiarity of young people, as a potential business entity, lies in their sensitivity to such a form of support as business education. The article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of business education in the context of the development of youth entrepreneurship. The author suggests the term «business advise», analyzes its impact on youth. The research is based on general scientific methods of classification, generalization, comparison, analysis. Keywords: youth entrepreneurship, support measures, state program, business education. |
155-162 |