Vol. 8, no. 3, 2023
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «SOCIETY. HISTORY. MODERNITY»
CONTENTSHISTORY
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Yu. A. Biryukova Parish revival in Southern Russia in the context of revolutionary upheavals and the Civil War DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-9-16 The article is devoted to the problem of parish reform in the period of revolutionary processes and the beginning of the Civil War in the South of Russia. The author analyses the church-public perception of the position, functions and role of the parish in the church, public and political life through the prism of the discussion which took place on the eve and during the All-Russian Local Council of 1917–1918 and appeared in church periodicals. One can trace the process of the parish revival and the acceptance of the sobor solution to the parish problem by the ecclesiastical community of Southern Russia. Church revival was connected to a revival of the parish on the basis of sobor-canonical principles, with the first Christian community serving as its ideal. The main activity on this path was the formation of parish councils, the activity of which went far beyond the inner boundaries of the parish. Its functions were to be extended to the level of a grass-roots zemstvo, to ensure the legal and economic security of the parishioners, and to influence the surrounding society. Keywords: Russian Orthodox Church, parish, parish council, parish revival, church reform, clergy, sobornost, revolution. |
9-16 |
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O. V. Gefner Charitable activities of the military in the second half of the XIX–early XX centuries (On the materials of Western Siberia) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-17-23 Based on the analysis of unpublished sources (documentation of military institutions, public organizations) and materials of the regional periodical press, the charitable activities of the military in the cities of Western Siberia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries are characterized, which, despite the great attention of the scientific community to the phenomenon of charity, did not has become the subject of special research. From the standpoint of cultural anthropology, the main directions, forms, motives of army charity are defined and characterized. The study emphasizes that the activities of the military in the field of charity are active, diverse, it is dominated by gratuitous labor and a lot of organizational work, which drew public attention to topical social problems and the development of urban culture. Keywords: cultural anthropology, charity, urban culture, officers, Russian Imperial Army, civil society. |
17-23 |
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V. A. Kutepov Training of personnel for the Red Army signal troops during the Great Patriotic War DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-24-32 The article deals with the problems of staffing the communications troops with qualified military personnel during the Great Patriotic War based on the materials of the inspection of educational institutions, advanced training courses for command staff and regimental schools of the Main Directorate of Communications of the Red Army. Attention is drawn to the fact that the loss of control and communications in the first days of the war was the result of miscalculations of the military leadership in matters of personnel training, forces and means of military communications. The author analyzes the effectiveness of the measures taken to improve the level of training of personnel of the signal forces during the Great Patriotic War, formulated the main practical recommendations for improving the system of training military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation at the present time. Keywords: The Great Patriotic War, military personnel training, military schools, combat training, Red Army communications troops. |
24-32 |
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E. V. Leshukova The practice of military defense work on the preparation of combat reserves for the Red Army in 1941–1943 on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk National District DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-33-41 The article analyzes the practice of military defense work in the early years of the Great Patriotic War on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk National Okrug, the largest rear area in Western Siberia. The main attention is paid to the study of the activities of the Party and Soviet authorities involved in organizing activities aimed at providing the army with trained manpower reserves. The central place in this process was the organization of mass military training of the population. The study is carried out on the basis of office documentation of the Party and Soviet authorities from the State Historical Archive of the Omsk Region and the State Archive of the Socio-Political History of the Tyumen Region. Based on statistical data, the author comes to the conclusion about the significant contribution to the training of combat reserves for the Yugra front in 1941–1943. The successful military-defense work in the region was provided by the Vseobuch system and the activities of the Osoaviakhim and Red Cross organizations. Keywords: Great Patriotic War, Khanty-Mansiysk district, military defense work, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Red Army, combat reserves, Yugra, Omsk region, Tyumen region. |
33-41 |
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A. A. Frolova Daily life of deported Kalmyks in the Ishim district of Omsk (Tyumen) regions DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-42-49 The article examines the features of the daily life of Kalmyks in the conditions of special settlement on the territory of the Ishim district of the Omsk / Tyumen regions. On the basis of the office documentation of state authorities and special services, materials of oral history, the daily practices and everyday organization of the life of the deported Kalmyk population are considered. The authors conclude that regional specificity is a significant factor determining the patterns of the deported population's exit from crisis situations. Keywords: Kalmyks, everyday life, the Great Patriotic War, repressions, deportation, special settlers. |
42-49 |
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Historical Archive |
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E. A. Vorobyeva Civil war in Altay according to memoirs of S. V. Sazanov DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-50-59 The episodes proposed in the article from the memoirs of Sergei Vasilievich Sazanov refer to 1918–1921 and cover the details of Sazanov's life in Altai during the Civil War. The presented "ego-document" reveals the everyday life of the Civil War, given through the prism of perception of an ordinary participant in the events, in this case, a peasant-otkhodnik of the Tambov province. The memoirs of S. V. Sazanov are valuable as they show the transformation of an ordinary, civilian person in the conditions of hostilities. The choice of one of the opposing sides (mostly forced), the manifestation of human qualities in extreme circumstances, the interweaving of domestic, everyday (work for the family) and emergency (the arrival of a punitive force, the threat of execution, etc.) are the content of the presented episodes from the memoirs. It makes these materials a valuable historical source, and publication can help in developing layers of historical problems that were previously ignored by historiography. The publication of memoirs is preceded by an introductory article, which presents a brief biography of S. V. Sazanov and reveals the value of memoirs for military anthropology. Keywords: Civil War, military anthropology, White movement, partisanship, ego-documents, memoirs. |
50-59 |
PHILOSOPHY
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A. D. Parfenov Libertarian model of cultural conservatism DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-60-66 The article presents an analysis of theories and approaches to substantiate the synthesis of libertarian political philosophy and cultural conservatism. In a historical perspective, the genesis of the main concepts and methods underlying the theories under study is shown. Emphasis is placed on the arguments and arguments presented by the supporters of this political and philosophical model. The main purpose of the article is to identify the features of the substantiation of the libertarian-conservative synthesis, as well as the main advantages and disadvantages of the proposed arguments. Keywords: cultural conservatism, conservatism, libertarianism, political philosophy. |
60-66 |
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PROVOCATION |
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C. McGinn A Deontological Theodicy / trans. from Engl. V. A. Sergeeva DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-67-72 The essay examines the inconsistence problem of the existence a perfect God and evil in the world. It contains criticism of the traditional view that the concept of God as a morally perfect entity is paradoxical. Essay is demonstrated that such views are based on an extreme form of utilitarianism. It is argued that the idea of God and evil coexisting in the world is not inconsistent if we accept the deontological view in ethics that the general obligation to eliminate suffering wherever it occurs cannot be one’s moral duty. It is proved that the idea of the coexistence of God and evil in the world does not contain a contradiction if we accept the deontological point of view in ethics that the obligation to eliminate suffering wherever it occurs cannot be anyone's moral duty. Keywords: problem of evil, deontology, utilitarianism, God, theodicy. |
67-72 |
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Positions and A-Positions |
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A. V. Nekhaev Punishing (Not)Innocent Persons? DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-73-94 This article provides a critical analysis of Mark Walker’s type-token theory. This theory purports to describe, explain, and justify the mechanism by which moral and legal responsibility can be attributed to exact and complete duplicates of persons. However, Walker’s defence of the view of persons as abstract entities is met with several metaphysical objections. Alternatively, a new approach to moral and legal responsibility is developed based on principles of agency law, in which the conception of a guilty person does not require identity with the person who committed the culpable act. Keywords: personal identity, moral responsibility, type-token theory, psychological sequentialism, punishment of the innocent, agency equivalence, culpability. |
73-94 |
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R. L. Kochnev Punish no clone DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-95-101 This article is a commentary and supplementary study to the Russian translation of Mark Walker's article «Branching Is Not a Bug; It’s a Feature: Personal Identity and Legal (and Moral) Responsibility» published in this journal. The article discusses the difficulties that type/token theory encounters when analyzing cases of the existence of art objects and persons over time. An alternative solution, based on the ideas of Derek Parfit, is proposed. Keywords: type, token, personal identity, Hitler, justice, punishment. |
95-101 |
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M. Walker Branching Is Not a Bug; It’s a Feature: Personal Identity and Legal (and Moral) Responsibility / trans. from Engl. V. A. Pilipenko DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-102-115 Prospective developments in computer and nanotechnology suggest that there is some possibility – perhaps as early as this century – that we will have the technological means to attempt to duplicate people. For example, it has been speculated that the psychology of individuals might be emulated on a computer platform to create a personality duplicate – an ‘upload’. Physical duplicates might be created by advanced nanobots tasked with creating molecule-for-molecule copies of individuals. Such possibilities are discussed in the philosophical literature as (putative) cases of ‘fission’: one person ‘splitting’ into two. Many philosophers, perhaps most, reject the idea of fission, appealing to some form of a ‘no-branching’ condition to rule out such possibilities. I argue, to the contrary, that there are good moral reasons to think that any account of personal identity that does not permit fission is deeply problematic, especially in connection with theorizing about criminal punishment. I discuss and reject David Lewis’ famous account of personal identity that invokes ‘multiple occupancy’ to allow for branching. In contrast, I offer an account of personal identity that permits branching using the type/token distinction to help with such puzzling cases. Keywords: personal identity, David Lewis, nanotechnology, branching and identity, retributivism, deterrence. |
102-115 |
ECONOMY
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A. N. Kurayev, I. G. Morozova, A. A. Grunina, N. M. Suray, M. V. Shatokhin Evolution of the concept of corporate social responsibility and ways of its development in modern Russia DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-116-123 This article discusses the principles and current trends of corporate social responsibility, as well as the basis for the modern development paradigm. Corporate social responsibility is necessary for sustainable development of the organization and the welfare of society as a whole, as it has legal, social, ethical, environmental and philanthropic context of the functioning of the developing organization. It is defined that efficiency of corporate social responsibility of the organization is defined by positive social and ecological influence on a society. However, today many companies, including Russian ones, are only beginning to realize the importance of ESG-strategy implementation in their activities, which is one of the determining factors of competitiveness and investment attractiveness. The analysis of ESG-transformation of domestic business has been carried out. It is found that the introduction of ESG-practices in Russian business is in its infancy. The growth of digital technologies and the involvement of employees in the dissemination of ESG practices will help to accelerate the process of ESG-strategy implementation in the activities of the organization. All these factors together will create a favorable environment for corporate social responsibility reporting in Russia. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, ESG-transformation, digital transformation, globalization, sustainable development. |
116-123 |
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T. I. Gordievich, P. V. Ruzanov Macroeconomic trends in Russia during the sanctions crisis DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-124-130 2022 has been a year of unprecedented testing caused by anti-Russian sanctions. The article defines the main directions of anti-Russian sanctions. The main macroeconomic indicators affected by the sanctions are analyzed. Russian gross domestic product in 2022 decreased by 2,1 %. The structure of GDP is changing. The consumer price index rose by 11,94 %. This macroeconomic situation requires a stabilization economic policy. Economic recovery is possible thanks to monetary and fiscal policy, government programs to support the national economy, and the introduction of an import substitution policy. Keywords: anti-Russian sanctions, gross domestic product, inflation, consumer price index, economic policy, government programs to support the national economy, import substitution policy. |
124-130 |
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N. M. Kalinina, E. V. Khrapova Assessment of the quality of service in the field of real estate transactions: modern methodological approaches DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-131-137 This article discusses topical issues related to the assessment of the quality of service in the field of real estate transactions, in particular, the theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the quantitative value of the service quality indicator. The authors summarized the existing methods for determining the estimated value of the service quality indicator, and outlined the subjective aspects of the considered methods. The author's vision of the methodological support for establishing the estimated values of service quality indicators in the field of real estate transactions is proposed. Keywords: service, real estate, quality of service, methodology, evaluation criteria, efficiency, real estate, quality of service. |
131-137 |
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S. I. Artemyeva, G. S. Kublashvili, A. G. Zaitsev The algorithm for applying the process maturity model to improve business processes in organization DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-138-146 Business process management contributes to the effective operation of an organization with greater customer focus and a high level of productivity. These advantages have the potential to overcome the high level of competition; however, optimizing business processes in specific organizations is a challenge. Improving processes requires accounting for many aspects; therefore, many companies experience difficulties in managing business processes. Many practitioners and scholars work on developing business process maturity models to help organizations gradually implement business process management for specific processes and/or for an entire portfolio of processes. The article considers the most popular maturity models. An algorithm for applying these models is developed. Theoretical principles for the development of the algorithm are represented. This algorithm allows for an ongoing maturity assessment. Based on the obtained results, the most appropriate maturity model for further optimization of business processes can be selected. Possibilities of subsequent application of the developed algorithm are considered. Keywords: business process maturity models, business process management, optimization of business processes, algorithm for applying the maturity model, maturity of business processes, maturity levels, printing company. |
138-146 |
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Е. V. Leun, S. E. Pchelkin, A. Yu. Romanov Analysis of innovative activity in agricultural organizations in the field of general farming and crop production for the period 2003–2022 taking into account the peculiarities of the dynamics of the results of intellectual activity DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-3-147-158 The article discusses three groups of Results of Intellectual Activity of agribusiness organizations on the topic of general agriculture and crop production for the period 2003 – 2022. The first two groups of Results of Intellectual Activity include patents from Russia, the USA, the European Union and China. Of these, the first group combines patents in accordance with the classes of the International Patent Classification: A01B, A01C and A01D. The second group covers high-tech patents selected for these three classes of the International Patent Classification with the addition of the fourth: G – physics. In the third group of Results of Intellectual Activity, Russian patents from the first group of Results of Intellectual Activity and Russian dissertations defended in scientific specialties 06.01.01 «General farming, crop production» and 4.1.1 «General farming and crop production» before and after changes in their nomenclature in 2021, respectively, are collected and studied. The parameters that characterize these groups of Results of Intellectual Activity are proposed, the features of the influence of the dynamics of their patent and scientific activity on innovation activity are studied. Keywords: general farming, crop production, innovation, innovation activity, intellectual property, patent activity, scientific activity, life cycle, patent / dissertation ratio.
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147-158 |