Vol. 9, no. 3, 2024
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «SOCIETY. HISTORY. MODERNITY»
CONTENTSHISTORY
S. V. Smirnov «Only anarchy can give us the opportunity to defeat the Soviet government»: a memorandum by General M. K. Dieterichs to the leadership of the ROVS (1930) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-5-12 The article analyzes a memo fr om the head of the Shanghai branch of the General Military Union, General M. K. Dieterichs, to the leadership of the ROVS, which is practically unknown to domestic researchers. The document is kept in the collections of the Bakhmetyev Archive of Russian and Eastern European History and Culture at Columbia University. The text of the memo shows the discrepancy between the author’s realistic assessment of the international situation in the Far East, the situation in the Far Eastern regions of the USSR, wh ere there was an increase in discontent with the activities of the Soviet government, as well as the state of White emigration in China and the presentation of the prospects of the anti-Soviet movement based on Dieterichs’ belief in the exclusively repressive and spiritually alien Russian people essence of Soviet power and readiness a significant part of the ordinary military emigration to sacrifice in the overthrow of the «Bolshevik yoke». In the end, this discrepancy had a negative impact on the course of the anti-Soviet struggle. Keywords: White emigration, anti-Soviet movement, M. K. Dieterichs, Far Eastern Department of the ROVS, Bakhmetyev Archive, Shanghai, China. |
5-12 |
I. Yu. Berezhanskaya Cultural work provisions in the Zionist organization «Gekholuts» program documents DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-13-20 The Zionist movement idea did not leave indifferent representatives of the Jews in the Russian Empire. In connection with the repeal of restrictive laws after February 1917, the political activity of the Jewish population increased significantly. However, October 1917 changed the direction of the Zionist movement, as the new government gradually began to persecute members of the parties and organizations that existed at that time, declaring them counter-revolutionary and anti-Soviet. At that time, the Zionist movement was already a political force with programmatic documents, statutes, educational literature, printing presses. One of the issues that occupied her mind was the question of educational and cultural work in the ranks of the Zionist movement. One of the organizations that prepared young people for a new life in the new state was «Gekholuts». Program documents covering the main points of her work in Soviet Russia have been preserved in Russian archives and partially published. They contain information about what kind of cultural work should be carried out with young adherents of the Zionist idea in building a future Jewish state. By 1930, the Soviets had eradicated the Zionist movement, and its followers moved to Palestine whenever possible to implement their ideas, particularly on the importance of cultural work, there. Keywords: State Archive of the Russian Federation, Zionism, «Gekholuts», Soviet Russia, cultural work, Palestine. |
13-20 |
N. V. Leader Mass-political work of party and Komsomol organizations of the city of Omsk on the formation of the 75th Stalinist volunteer separate rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians (July–September 1942) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-21-29 Based on an analysis of the activities of party and Komsomol organizations in the city of Omsk, the article shows the main directions and forms of mass political work carried out by local authorities to form the 75th Stalin volunteer separate rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians. The author traces this activity fr om its beginning until the brigade was sent to the front. The study is conducted on the basis of a set of published and unpublished records of the Omsk city and regional committees of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the NKVD for the Omsk region and the memoirs of brigade veterans. It is carried out on the basis of a microhistorical approach, which made it possible to detail the features of mass political work in the process of forming a military unit during the Great Patriotic War. The article reveals the public mood of Omsk residents, which they demonstrated regarding the creation of a volunteer brigade. In conclusion, an assessment is made of the activities of party and Komsomol organizations in the city of Omsk and the most important principles of mass political work to form a brigade of Omsk-Siberians are formulated. Keywords: : Great Patriotic War, Omsk, 75th Stalin’s volunteer separate rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians,mass political work, party and Komsomol organizations, patriotism. |
21-29 |
A. K. Potapov Ecological movement in Baltic republics in the years of perestroika DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-30-34 The article is devoted to the history of the environmental movement in the Baltic republics during the first stages of perestroika (1985–1987). The aim of the paper is to analysis of the use of the environmental agenda to develop political national opposition in the Soviet Baltic republics during the years of perestroika. The objectives of the study are to identify the peculiarities of the formation and activities of movements in defence of ecology in the Baltic republics; to identify the main nodes of environmental problems in each Baltic republic (development of phosphorites in Estonia, planning of oil production on the Curonian Spit in Lithuania, construction of Daugavpils hydroelectric power station). As a result, the Baltic intelligentsia who initiated discussion of these problems and managed to organize various protest actions gained some experience in mobilizing the population of the republics, which was then used in the creation of Popular Fronts and movements. They in turn triggered disintegration mechanisms in the USSR in the next stages of perestroika. Keywords: Daugavpils, Soviet Baltic States, Curonian Spit, Rakvere region, environmental movements, Union ministries, nationalist opposition. |
30-34 |
R. V. Rybakov Problems of eliminating youth unemployment in Omsk in the 1920s DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-35-40 The article is devoted to the analysis of socio-economic methods to overcome youth unemployment in Omsk in the 1920s. Archival materials and regional periodicals are used as the main source base. The publication demonstrates the dependence of the nature of youth unemployment on the specifics of regional industry and analyzes the factors influencing employment dynamics. The author comes to the conclusion that limited material resources and the lack of high demand for qualified specialists made it difficult to solve the problem. At the same time, thanks to the increase in the number of adolescents in the vocational education system, it was possible to stabilize the situation with youth employment and improve their financial situation. Keywords: youth unemployment, factory apprenticeship, teenage employment, labor exchange, NEP, collective of the unemployed, Soviet society, everyday life |
35-40 |
L. V. Merkulova Activity of the Tyumen Commodity Exchange (1910–1917) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-41-47 The article analyzes the factors and reasons that influenced the opening of the commodity exchange in Tyumen, as well as its activities in the period fr om 1910 to 1917. Based on the study of press materials and unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Tyumen region and the application of historical methods such as historical-comparative, historical-genetic, statistical, the aim of the study is achieved — the mechanism of the exchange is analyzed, the main directions of its activities are identified, its efficiency is assessed. Keywords: economic history, stock exchange business, Tobolsk province, trade, merchants, commodity exchanges, Tyumen. |
41-47 |
V. A. Yakovchuk Healthcare and traditional medicine in the Tobolsk North: the view of political exiles of the late 19th century DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-48-55 This article, based on memoirs, correspondence and works of political exiles, examines the specifics of medical practice and traditional medicine in the Tobolsk North at the end of the 19th century. The point of view of patients, the dynamics of relations between them and their attending physicians in the context of the harsh natural and climatic conditions of the North and a different sanitary and hygienic culture are analyzed. The problems of alcoholism of doctors, lack of medical personnel, the negative influence of local officials and the neglectful attitude of the tsarist government are studied. Based on historical sources, the features of traditional medicine, witchcraft and shamanism, their significance in the worldview of the local population are considered. In conclusion, the general state of health care and its importance in the daily life of political exiles, the role of provincial authorities in the system of political exile in the North of Western Siberia are assessed. Keywords: political exile, populists, traditional medicine, everyday life, witchcraft, healthcare, Tobolsk North. |
48-55 |
Vivant professMres! |
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А. S. Puchenkov On the anniversary of the remarkable Siberian historian DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-56-62 This article is devoted to the review of the research and teaching activities of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Alexey Vladimirovich Sushko. By means of the analysis of the latest historiography, conducted in the vision of the problematic and biographical methods, the research provides the author’s analytical assessment of the contribution of this major academic specialist to the development of modern Russian historical science and higher education. Keywords:historical science, scientists, historians, anniversaries, special services, Civil War, Russian Orthodox Church, Omsk. |
56-62 |
History Name |
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S. V. Novikov Evgeny Ivanovich Timonin: historian and teacher. 1927–2013 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-63-69 The article is a comprehensive study of the biography and scientific work of Evgeny Ivanovich Timonin. As part of the study of the biography, the author, actively relying on the poetic legacy of E. I. Timonin, publications in scientific journals and the press, restores the picture of rural life in Soviet Siberia in the 1920s and 1930s. Later, E. I. Timonin’s studies at Tomsk State University, his contacts with teachers and front-line students, are studied. The author of the article pays great attention to the service of E. I. Timonin worked at the Ministry of State Security of the USSR, his work at the Beloyarsk seven-year school, Omsk Higher School of Militia. A serious volume of the article is devoted to the analysis of E. I. Timonin’s cooperation with the Omsk regional organization of the society «Knowledge» and work after the collapse of the USSR. E. I. Timonin left 200 works on history and historiography, 10 monographs, 20 pamphlets and dozens of newspaper publications on the history of the region to future generations of historians. A more worthy monument to the historianresearcher could not be found. The article is intended to perpetuate the memory of E. I. Timonin, taking into account his centennial anniversary. Keywords: E. I. Timonin, Omsk, historiography, political emigration, the history of Siberia, Omsk Economic Institute, perestroika, national reconciliation |
63-69 |
NOTA BENE |
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N. V. Surzhikova Prisoners of World War I in the Omsk Irtysh region: names, statuses, memory DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-70-78 The publication does not simply review the inter-fonds name index of prisoners of World War I mentioned in the metric books of churches in the Omsk region (1914–1920). It is shown how formalized information from metric records can be interpreted from the point of view of both nominative and statistical approaches. It is emphasized that in the light of the data of the reviewed publication, the fate of captured foreigners in Russia ceases to look like non-alternative and predetermined, and the prisoners themselves — only victims of war, victimized objects. The participation of prisoners of war in the life of host communities allows specifying the degree of impact of captivity on the institutions and practices common in provincial Russia, as well as considering captured foreigners as people whose destinies turned out to be decisive for the destinies of thousands of other people who lived yesterday and live today. Keywords: World War I, prisoners of war, metric books, geography of captivity, sociocultural and demographic statuses, behavioral choices, memory |
70-78 |
PHILOSOPHY
E. V. Borisov Kaplan and Marti on Definite Descriptions: Non-Standard Cases of Referential Use DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-79-82 Donnellan’s distinction between referential and attributive uses of definite descriptions has two explanations — the semantic and the pragmatic one. A version of semantic explanations was outlined by Kaplan and elaborated in detail by Marti. They construe a referentially used definite description as a proper name in the Millian sense. In a recent paper, I showed that the evidence Kaplan–Marti theory relies on is inappropriate with respect to the standard case of referential use, which makes the pragmatic theory preferable. This paper is a continuation of the cited one. Here I examine a number of non-standard cases of referential use and demonstrate that, with respect to them, Kaplan–Marti theory has no advantage over the pragmatic account either. Keywords: Kaplan, Marti, definite description, proper name, referential use of definite descriptions, non-standard cases of referential use |
79-82 |
S. N. Kasatkin Reconstructing J. L. Austin’s Method: ‘Linguistic Phenomenology’ as a Technology of Philosophical Research DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-83-89 This article is aimed at an (upd ated) reconstruction of the method of philosophical research proposed by the prominent British analytical philosophers, John Langshaw Austin (1911–1960) — a study of what we (should) say when and why — alternative to its ‘canonical’ (and debatable) account, given more than half a century ago by Austin’s colleague and editor, James Urmson. Resting on a wider range of sources, the article, first, presents the Austin’s method as a practical technology, second, reformulates its intention and structure based on the key attitudes of the British thinker (the ideas of ‘strict’ philosophy and ‘linguistic phenomenology’), third, localizes the methodical components associated with them by the author. As a result, the Austin’s method is revealed by means of three research stages (goal setting, formation of an empirical database and its theoretical explanation) with their inherent tasks, procedures, techniques and methodical guidelines. Some related limitations of the author’s method are also fixed, first of all, its focus not so much on creating a ‘high’ philosophical ‘theory’, as on ensuring a greater rigor, factual rootedness and thereby usefulness of philosophical reasoning. Keywords: J. L. Austin, linguistic phenomenology, ordinary language, linguistic philosophy, analytical philosophy, methodology of philosophical research |
83-89 |
K. E. Morozov Is income redistribution a violation of the categorical imperative? DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-90-98 In Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Robert Nozick made the argument that income redistribution violates the Kantian categorical imperative. Nozick’s retrospective enslavement argument is still used today in discussions about the moral justification of taxation. This article explicates four implicit premises of Nozick’s argument: the self-ownership principle, its fullness, the absence of restrictions on the appropriation of natural resources, and the absence of restrictions on the distribution of the fruits of cooperation. Without additional justification for each of these premises, Nozick’s argument cannot show that income redistribution violates the categorical imperative Keywords: Immanuel Kant, John Rawls, Robert Nozick, categorical imperative, taxation, redistribution,self-ownership, reciprocity |
90-98 |
IN MEMORIA CLASSICA |
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A. Pinzani Towards a Kantian Argument for a Universal Basic Income / trans. from Engl. A. V. Nekhaev DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-99-109 The paper defends that it is possible to offer a Kantian argument for justifying the introduction of Universal Basic Income (UBI). It first briefly presents Philippe van Parijs’ argument for UBI based on the concept of real freedom for all. In doing so, it will focus on its general structure and central insight, without entering too much into other issues like the economic feasibility of UBI. It second briefly presents Kant’s concept of external freedom and especially focuses on some of its components to assess whether there is some closeness to van Parijs’ concept of real freedom. It further considers whether UBI is not only compatible with a Kantian position, but can be justified from such a position because it represents a tool for concretely realizing external freedom as presented in the Doctrine of Right and for attaining the ethical ideal of virtuosity presented in the Doctrine of Virtue. Keywords: universal basic income, Van Parijs, Kant, real freedom for all, external freedom. |
99-109 |
Critical Notices and Comments |
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K. E. Morozov Stolen gametes and mereorganic continuity DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-110-117 The article is a commentary on the work of Roman Kochnev Teletransporter and Other Troubles, which is a critical remark on the work of Alexey Kardash Teletransporter and Origami. First, the article reconstructs Kardash’s argument against survival in Parfit’s teletransporter, as well as Kochnev’s criticism. Next, the principle of mereorganic continuity proposed by Kardash is defended as a condition for the survival of the person. To answer Kochnev’s criticism, examples of stolen gametes are simulated, which demonstrate that mereorganic continuity is a detector of causal relationships necessary for the survival of the person. The article concludes by addressing the problem of the implicit dualism inherent in Parfitian views on survival in teletransporter. Keywords: personal identity, teleportation, causation, mereorganic continuity, survival, thought experiment, dualism, mind. |
110-117 |
PROVOCATION |
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C. McGinn Is Romantic Self-Love Possible? / trans. from Engl. A. V. Nekhaev DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-118-123 The essay examines the metaphysical possibility of romantic self-love. It makes difference between two forms of such love feeling like de re and de dicto. Based on this difference, the impossibility of romantic self-love de dicto is demonstrated, since this would violate one of the constitutive conditions of such a love feeling — the requirement of the numerical distinctness between the lover and the beloved. Keywords: romantic love, self-love, emotional surroundings, numerical distinctness. |
118-123 |
ECONOMY
T. G. Antropova, M. V. Shatokhin, N. M. Suray Foreign experience in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems and the possibility of its application in Russia DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-124-134 At the heart of this study is the importance of understanding the role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the context of an ever-changing global economy. Researchers’ interest in conceptualizing entrepreneurial ecosystems has begun to emerge in the last two decades. They are able to identify the key factors for a successful entrepreneurial ecosystem by drawing analogies to natural ecosystems. The study summarizes the most important research findings in this area, summarizing the key factors necessary for an ecosystem to be considered entrepreneurial, with significant economic, technological and social impact. The object of the study is the entrepreneurial ecosystem, which is considered as a complex system consisting of various interconnected elements, including entrepreneurs, investors, mentors, educational institutions and government agencies. This study provides an overview of the entrepreneurial ecosystems of the world’s leading economies to identify their key characteristics and strengths. The structural elements, support mechanisms, and cultural factors that shape and differentiate these ecosystems are examined. The review aims to provide information that may be useful to policymakers, businesses and stakeholders. The goal is to, by understanding the nuances of each ecosystem, identify transferable best practices, promote cross-cultural collaboration, and contribute to a more sustainable and competitive domestic business environment. This review highlights the different characteristics of entrepreneurial ecosystems in India, the US and China to understand the intricacies that drive innovation and economic growth.As the global landscape continues to evolve, this review serves as a valuable resource for shaping policy, strengthening collaboration, and deepening the collective understanding of what facilitates successful entrepreneurship in diverse and dynamic contexts. Keywords: entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystem, government regulation, economic development, foreign experience, economic policy. |
124-134 |
Yu. V. Baranov, D. Yu. Filippov. The ways to improve the system of control over labour and equipment safety at the current stage of economic development DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-135-140 The article examines the state of the organization of state control at the present stage of economic development in the field of ensuring labor and equipment safety. An analysis of inspections in this area showed a decrease in their number by federal inspections in order to reduce the burden on business. When studying the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation on labor and equipment safety, as well as examining statistical data regarding the state of labor protection and equipment safety in the Russian Federation, a conclusion was made about the lack of control in this area. In this regard, the organizational development of public control is proposed. Keywords: labour and equipment safety, labour protection, public inspector of trade unions, economic efficiency of labour and equipment safety, state control, moratorium on inspections, trade union. |
135-140 |
A. E. Miller, D. O. Drozdov Study of scenarios for the sustainability of technological development of regional industrial complexes DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-141-148 The study reveals the results of consideration of problematic issues reflecting the choice of scenario options for the sustainability of technological development of regional industrial complexes. The methodology of application of modular models under study provided an opportunity to identify the goal orientation and key aspects of the sustainability of technological development at the regional level. Among the specific features of the methodology under consideration, it is advisable to include: a set of parameters of technological development; substantiation of the essential features influencing the formation of a model of technological development of a regional industrial complex based on a scenario-modular approach. The considered features provide an opportunity to specify the fundamental principles of the classical theory of sustainable development in the context of insufficiently researched issues of the regional economy. In the process of methodological application of the methodology under consideration, a scenario-modular approach is justified, aimed at achieving the goals of sustainability of technological development and expressed in the formation of predictive scenarios of technological development based on local modules, various combinations of which allow synthesizing all possible scenarios. The advantages of the scenario-modular approach include: the achievability of standardization of technological development; identification of the integration nature of technological development; designing a predictive option for investing resources in technological development; substantiation of a scenario modular model. The given model makes it possible to: streamline the structure of products; systematize technological processes and management procedures. Keywords: regional economy, technological development, sustainability, industrial complex, scenario, module. |
141-148 |
S. G. Simonov, I. V. Lysenko Russian business in the context of the growth of cybercrime: changes in economic behavior and protective mechanisms DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-149-157 The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of new vectors of cybercrime development, their localization and prevention. The analysis of secondary data, questionnaires, and expert assessment are used as research methods for this problem. The statistics of cybercrime in foreign countries and Russia in recent years have been analyzed. It is found out how the domestic business has changed its attitude to the security of information and information systems of the company. The sectoral landscape of cybercrimes in the Russian Federation for 2023 is presented. New vectors of phishing development are considered in detail and the main resources forged by hackers during phishing attacks are identified. Special attention is paid to phishing by the method of distribution, which today poses the greatest danger to Russian companies. Spoofing has been studied as a new type of cyberattack, wh ere masquerading as a legal object (computer, device or network) is used by hackers as a means of penetrating other computer networks. The characteristics of modern types of spoofing and the negative consequences for business that they lead to are given. The measures taken at the state level to counter new vectors of cybercrime development are indicated. The conclusion is substantiated that state support and information protection measures themselves eliminate the consequences rather than the causes of high cybercrime, which is why the security problem cannot be solved without the participation of domestic business and the population of the country. The consolidated participation of Russian business in the fight against cybercrime is noted, which found its concrete embodiment in the creation of the F.C.C.T. joint-stock company. The key areas of activity of this company in the information technology market and the results of its work in 2023 are highlighted. Attention is focused on the fact that the creation of a joint-stock company F.C.C.T. in the country does not fully solve the problem of ensuring information security, which primarily concerns small and medium-sized business structures. It is stated that many of them, especially in the Russian regions, are not ready to purchase information security services not only financially, but also organizationally. Due to the low demand of entrepreneurs for vulnerability search services in the company’s software, web applications and IT infrastructure, it is proposed to build a typical SOC that meets the most minimal standards for combating cybercrime. An algorithm has been developed to achieve them in the form of step-by-step implementation of simple organizational and methodological recommendations for the prevention of cybercrimes and minimizing their consequences for small and medium-sized businesses. Keywords: cybercrime, phishing, spoofing, hacker attack, information security, cyber threats and vulnerabilities, small and medium-sized businesses |
149-157 |
E. V. Yakovleva, R. G. Poldvey Modern approaches and methods of formation and development of management personnel in a modern IT company DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-158-164 The development of an organization operating in the field of high technologies must take into account modern approaches and methods for the formation and development of management personnel. This is true for both small businesses and large companies, especially those that produce complex products or operate in high-tech businesses. In such conditions, wh ere there is high competition and strict requirements for management and organization of activities, the desire for continuous development and technological improvement is especially important. This article defines the main methods for managing the formation and development of IT management personnel in companies. Keywords: personnel development, management, IT companies, talent management, leadership,selection, recruitment. | 158-164 |
N. M. Suray, M. A. Vasilenko Advertising as a tool to stimulate the sales market of construction companyservices DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-165-170 The article studies the role of advertising as a tool to stimulate the market of sales of construction organization services on the example of two large companies: PJSC «PIK C3», LLC «Donstroy». The urgency of this study is due to the constant growth of demand for residential real estate, which requires effective marketing strategies to attract customers. The aim of the work is to analyze the methods and techniques of advertising used by these construction organizations. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: to study the features of advertising campaigns of new construction companies of economy class — PJSC «PIK C3» and business class — LLC «Donstroy», to conduct a comparative analysis of their effectiveness, Identify the main strengths and weaknesses of each strategy. The results of the study led to the conclusion that advertising plays a key role in the successful promotion of services of construction organizations in the market. Each company chooses its own unique approach to advertising, taking into account the peculiarities of its target audience and competitive environment. Keywords: advertising, advertising tools, business, competitors, construction organization, sales market, target audience. | 165-170 |
S. I. Artemyeva, О. V. Kublashvili Development of model solutions for optimization of business processes when implementing a quality management system DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-3-171-178 In modern-day conditions, organizations need to maintain a high standard of quality in order to meet the ever-growing demands of consumers. In this context, the relevance of implementing quality management systems among organizations is increasing over time. However, not all organizations are able to implement this system in their manufacturing facilities due to the complexity of the process. To solve this problem, an algorithm of quality management system implementation has been developed. This algorithm allows gradual implementation of the system in the organization, and this leads to business process optimization, allows organizations to maintain competitiveness and achieve success in a strategic perspective. Keywords: quality management system, optimization of business processes, printing enterprise, QMS implementation algorithm, quality management, business process management, process approach, process effectiveness. | 171-178 |