no. 1 (189), 2024
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN
MECHANICAL
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A. A. Kuznetsov, V. P. Kulakovskaya Defining quantitative parameters and coordinates of the defect signal by acoustic-emission control of cylindrical tanks DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-5-11 In this article presented the data obtained by researching the acoustic emission signals when controlling the surface defects of sealed tanks. In the process of studies with pressure changes the data on changes in the parameters of the signals recorded by the digital acoustic-emission control system SCAD-16 have been obtained. On the basis of the obtained results the methodology for determining the coordinates of the defects of the tanks using the cylindrical coordinate system has been proposed. The approach proposed in the article makes it possible to reduce the error of determining the coordinates of defects, as compared to the expressions in the case of rectilinear wave propagation on a flat surface. Keywords: acoustic emission, defect control, signal activity, railway tank, nondestructive testing, defect coordinates. |
5–11 |
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T. V. Malysheva Development of the algorithm for classifying industries according to the type of intra-factory cooperation of main and auxiliary processes using machine learning DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-12-19 The task of rational organization of auxiliary processes at the enterprise is to reduce their cost by deep integration into the main production process. The purpose of the article is to develop a classification analysis algorithm for assessing the dependencies between the main and auxiliary units and the typology of production processes according to the level of intra-factory cooperation. As a method for determining the type of production, the Random Forest machine learning method using the bagging machine learning meta-algorithm is proposed. Parameters have been developed that describe the costs of auxiliary operations, the costs of repair facilities and equipment maintenance, the level of technical efficiency of production. Approbation of the algorithm on the example of chemical enterprises made it possible to distinguish three types of production according to the nature of intra-plant cooperation of processes according to the most informative parameters. To assess the usefulness and performance of the models, cumulative lift diagrams were constructed, where the most productive type was determined with an average level of intra-factory cooperation. The results are the primary diagnostics of the organization of auxiliary facilities, decision-making on the reengineering of processes in order to strengthen intra-factory cooperation and reduce costs. Keywords: auxiliary production, production processes, intra-factory cooperation, algorithm, classification analysis, machine learning, random forest. |
12–19 |
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K. A. Vansovich, V. I. Yadrov Elastoplastic modeling of fatigue cracks DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-20-27 The presented work provides a detailed analysis of modern approaches to creating elastoplastic models of surface crack growth that take into account the influence of the type of biaxial loading on the development of stresses and strains at the crack tip and, accordingly, on the crack growth rate. The use of the plastic stress intensity factor as a characteristic of resistance to cyclic deformation and fracture for biaxial loading conditions is substantiated. Continuum plasticity models are proposed to simulate the elastoplastic behavior of metal using numerical methods and, in particular, the finite element method. Keywords: fatigue failure, fracture mechanics, stress intensity coefficient, finite element method, J-integral, yield criterion, hardening. |
20–27 |
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Ya. V. Denisova Quality management of production processes of engineering products in the network DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-28-34 Statement of the problem (relevance of the work): the article outlines the main advantages of using the network to improve the quality of the production processes of engineering products, which is especially important in the context of the formation of technological sovereignty. The purpose of the work: the purpose of the article is to systematize and analyze the models of product quality management in the engineering industry and develop, on their basis, an intersectoral model of a quality management system in a network. Methods used: the article uses general scientific methods of cognition, namely, the method of description, generalization, critical analysis, visualization. As a theoretical basis for the study, theories of process and network management in the industrial complex were used. Novelty: generalization and systematization of theoretical approaches to quality management in mechanical engineering made it possible to design an intersectoral model of a quality management system in a network, the use of which will make it possible to create and strengthen technological sovereignty. Result: as a result of a study on the analysis of quality management models of the production process, their distinctive characteristics were determined in relation to the network, the core of which is a machine-building enterprise, which made it possible to develop an intersectoral model of a quality management system, the use of which allows obtaining such network effects as the achievement of integrated production support at all stages of the life cycle; reducing transaction costs, increasing the flexibility of the design and production of new science-intensive and high-tech products, which makes it possible to increase the level of technological sovereignty of the industry by strengthening cooperation ties. Practical significance: the conclusions and results contained in the article can be used in the development of strategies for the formation and strengthening of technological sovereignty both in the machine-building industry and in the industrial complex as a whole. Keywords: quality management, network, engineering industry, process approach to management, PDCA cycle, quality management system, technological sovereignty. |
28–34 |
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E. V. Knyazev, A. M. Badamshin, Yu. A. Stenkin, E. A. Rogachev The analysis of the effect of heat treatment in various atmospheres on the structure of titanium foil DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-35-40 The structure and elemental composition of titanium foil annealed in an inert ambient in the presence of hydrocarbons were studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, The heat treatments carried out simulated the synthesis process of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, As a result of the treatments, the plasticity of the material under study is significantly reduced, It is shown that the structure of the foil changes as a result of annealing, With an increase in the annealing temperature, an increase in carbon and oxygen concentrations is observed, and the hardness of the material increases significantly, which is probably due to the formation of titanium oxide and titanium carbide in the foil structure, Keywords: titanium, heat treatment, optical microscopy, energy dispersion analysis, mechanical properties. |
35–40 |
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О. P. Korzhova, D. S. Makashin, P. E. Popov, I. E. Donoaga, А. V. Obryvalin Transformation of operational management of machine tools, machine complexes operation with the help of «Operational Management System» DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-41-47 The article focuses on the potential integration of the SFM digital control system into production. To achieve a more accurate implementation of the dSFM system, the article identifies its strengths and weaknesses. It evaluates and outlines the factors contributing to the successful implementation of the dSFM system in production. The article also analyses the traditional Lean manufacturing system, the analogue SFM system and its digital version. The study scrutinised the manner in which workers interact with the «System of Operations Management» with the purpose of refining its assimilation into manufacturing processes and enhancing employee output. Keywords: planning system, SFM, dSFM, production, machining, digitalization. |
41–47 |
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V. P. Kuzmenko Complex temperature distribution model for controlling the thermal performance of household led lamps DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-48-55 The study covers the question of the dynamics of heat transfer in a household LED lamp and scenarios for simplifying the modeling of thermal distribution, including the account of heat conduction, convection and the influence of several LED light sources. A comprehensive analysis of heat distribution processes in household LED lamps and the development of a mathematical model of the thermal radiation of an LED light source using the finite difference method are presented. The developed model takes into account the lamp geometry, material properties and environmental conditions. Special attention is paid to the influence of the location of the LEDs in the lamp system. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the volumetric geometry of the lamp and light source, scenarios to account for various parameters of the model are included in the mathematical model. Verification of the model has shown accuracy up to 93 %. The study aims to create a more realistic and accurate method for modeling and analyzing thermal management in multilight LED household lighting fixtures. Keywords: thermal radiation modeling, LED lamp thermal model, LED lighting fixture quality, LED lamp thermal management. |
48–55 |
| S. V. Petrochenko, Q. Hao, X. Yu, K. Zhao
Evaluation of the influence of laser quenching mode parameters on the quality of the surface and surface layer of machine parts (overview) DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-56-65 This review provides an assessment of the influence of the parameters of the laser hardening mode on the quality of the surface and the surface layer. It is presented how the processing speed, radiation power, surface heating temperature, initial structure during, the number of passes laser hardening affect the geometric parameters of the laser exposure zone, roughness, hardness and wear resistance of the surface, deformation, magnitude and sign of residual stresses in the surface layer. The conclusion is made in the form of recommendations on the selection of parameters of the laser hardening mode to obtain a given surface quality and surface layer of machine parts. Keywords: laser hardening, radiation power, laser exposure zone, roughness, hardness, residual stresses, wear resistance. | 56–65 |
| D. A. Blokhin, I. S. Mikhailov
The study of the dynamic displacement of the table of a jig boring machine under load DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-66-72 The article presents a technique for evaluation dynamic flexibility of the vertical milling machine table, considering the deformations of the supporting system of the machine under the influence of forces equivalent to cutting forces. The vibration exciter in the form of an electric motor with an unbalanced rotor makes it possible to simulate a dynamic load equivalent to the milling process in terms of the modulus of cutting forces and impact frequency, excluding the use of coolant and chip formation. A setup has been developed to create an equivalent dynamic load on the machine tool. The proposed technique can be used to determine the cutting limits and the locality of the working area of the machine that provide the greatest rigidity and processing accuracy. Keywords: CNC machine tools, milling accuracy, supporting system rigidity, feed drive system dynamics, ballbar. | 66–72 |
ENERGY AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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A. V. Bubnov, A. M. Daynovich
Features of using low-pass filter for small signal demodulation in phase-locking motor drive DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-73-78 Phase-locking motor drive based on phase-lock principal provides high accuracy and wide shaft speed range. А low-pass filter is used for PWM-signal demodulation in phase-lock loop. This type of demodulator limits loop bandwidth and working range of motor drive. The main purpose of this article is to analyze low-pass filter influence on motor drive dynamic characteristics in low shaft speed area. The authors developed Matlab Simulink model to researcher phase-locking motor drive working in synchronous mode. As a result the dependence of angular velocity ripple versus rotational speed was obtained. The choosing condition of low-pass filter time constant was defined for different shaft speed area by using the obtained dependence. The received results can be applicable for design precision phase-lock motor drive. Keywords: precision motor drive; phase-locking motor drive, PWM filtering; low-pass filter, time constant, simulation modeling. | 73–78 |
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Yu. V. Moskalev Mathematical model of a three-phase-multiphase transformer phases converter with a series connection of coils of each phase of secondary winding DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-79-85 The article considers a three-phase-multiphase transformer converter of the number of phases with a serial connection of coils of each phase of the secondary winding, its substitution scheme and a linear mathematical model are given. As an example, an analysis of the operation of a manufactured three-phase-seven-phase transformer converter of the number of phases is performed. As a result of electromagnetic tests of the prototype, the parameters of the replacement circuit of the device were determined. Using a mathematical model, the operating characteristics are calculated and constructed. The results of theoretical calculations and experimental measurements are compared. The largest errors obtained when comparing the calculated and experimental values of efficiency and power factor were 3,5 % and 2,2 %, respectively. Keywords: phase number converter, transformer, multiphase winding, connection diagram, substitution scheme, mathematical model. |
79–85 |
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О. S. Parsentev, T. A. Musaev Quality assurance multi-component environments moved belt conveyors energy saving pulsed magnetic extraction DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-86-92 The article presents theoretical and practical aspects of improving the designs of existing separation subsystems using the results of historical and patent information studies used to detect and extract ferromagnetic bodies in a flow of multicomponent non-magnetic lumpy, granular and finely divided and friable media. A new energy-saving technological approach proposed with the effect of synchro¬nously improving the performance of the transport and technological system and re¬ducing the cost and energy costs during its operation, in particular in the material flow separation subsystem. A subsystem for the separation-detection of metal fragments in a non-magnetic granular medium proposed for the development of signaling and current control devices in extracting windings. To increase the extraction capacity during the purification of non-magnetic granular media, a design of a combined iron separator proposed. Mathematical modeling of the operation of the electromagnetic system of the combined iron separator of the transport system was carried out, on the basis of which a mathematical model of the magnetic field in its working area was proposed, which makes it possible to determine the extracting force from the windings with and current. An experimental verification of the results of theoretical studies of pulsed magnetic extraction of ferromagnetic bodies from a granular medium was carried out. Keywords: combined iron separator, ferromodulation sensors, ponderomotive force, magnetizing force, current pulse, ferromagnetic body, winding, permanent magnets. |
86–92 |
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R. M. Petrova, E. I. Gracheva
Algorithms for estimating the main reliability parameters of low-voltage equipment of shop-floor network schemes DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-93-102 The article presents the classification of fuses, breakers, circuit breakers and packet switches. The laws of change of probabilistic reliability characteristics of the studied devices, as well as low-voltage cable lines are determined. Types of functions of change of basic reliability parameters are determined and corresponding graphical dependences are shown. The comparison of the obtained results of the values of probability of failure-free operation time with the requirements of GOST and passport data is carried out. The investigated probabilistic parameters of low-voltage devices and cable lines are checked for compliance with the accepted law of distribution of random variables. Keywords: power supply system, probability of uptime, probability of failure time, fuse, breaker, circuit breaker, packet breaker, cable line. | 93–102 |
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N. A. Tereshchenko Diagnostic device of single-element insulators of overhead transmission line by temperature DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-103-109 Insulator, electrical device designed for electrical isolation and mechanical fastening of electrical installations or their separate parts, which are under different electrical potentials. As an element of the power system, it plays an important role in ensuring its reliable operation. At present the issue of diagnostics and monitoring of insulators is still topical. The article provides statistical data of failures on overhead lines and lists methods and devices for detecting insulation damage. The research problem is the lack of a reliable and cost-effective device for early detection of insulator failure under voltage. The solution is the previously proposed method of diagnosing single-element insulators by temperature. The author proposed a scheme of the diagnostic device, described its principle of operation in normal and emergency modes. The diagnostic device made according to the proposed scheme is simple, works under voltage and without the intervention of operating personnel. Keywords: insulator, temperature, monitoring, diagnostics, device, comparator. | 103–109 |
ELECTRONICS, PHOTONICS, INSTRUMENT ENGINEERING AND COMMUNICATION
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S. V. Biryukov
The concept of creating an electric field strength meter with the determination of the error of the measurement result and the distance to the field source DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-110-118 A new concept of constructing an electric field strength meter is considered. The concept lies in the fact that along with the measurement of the modulus of the electric field strength vector, the error of the measurement result and the distance to the field source are subject to simultaneous instrumental determination. The field meter is based on a new dual sensor and a method for measuring the electric field strength. The ability of the measurement method to determine the error and the distance to the field source is provided by a dual electroinduction spherical sensor. A feature of a dual sensor is the ability to simultaneously output two field strength values measured at one point, obtained with errors of different signs. This feature made it possible to obtain the measurement result as an average value and two measured values, and thereby reduce the measurement error. The presence of two simultaneously measured values of the field strength also made it possible to obtain an empirical formula for determining the relative distance to the source at each measurement point. The obtained values of the relative distances made it possible to determine the error of the measurement result and the distance from the center of the sensor to the field source using known formulas. The possibility of a field meter to simultaneously instrumentally determine the error of the measurement result and the distance to the field source is considered for the first time. Keywords: meter, instrument, measurement method, electric field strength, sensor, dual sensor, measurement error, distance to the field source. |
110–118 |
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A. S. Zakhlebin, M. I. Kuryachiy, V. V. Kapustin, A. V. Kamenskiy, A. K. Movchan Increasing the contrast and accuracy of localization of objects of interest on orthophotomaps of the terrain built from distorted images from an unmanned aerial vehicle DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-119-126 In this article, we will consider and compare methods for eliminating distortions in the original images obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle. The main goal of these methods is to increase the contrast and accuracy of determining the coordinates of objects of interest relative to the background. To conduct the study, aerial work was performed, during which initial images of the underlying surface with different exposure times were obtained, as well as data from the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation module. Further, cameral processing of the received materials was carried out. The exact centers for photographing each image were calculated and orthophotomaps of the area were built. Then we evaluated the contrast and accuracy of determining the coordinates of objects of interest relative to the background on the orthophotomaps of the area built from the original and restored images using various methods. Keywords: terrain orthomosaic, image, accuracy, contrast, object of interest, distortion, unmanned aerial vehicle. |
119–126 |
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A. V. Kamenskiy, K. A. Rylov, N. Borodina Digital anti-aliasing trapezoidal recursively separable image processing filter with resizable scanning multi-element aperture DOI: 10.25206/1813-8225-2024-189-127-136 The development of television systems is an important factor for many industries involved in the acquisition, processing, storage and transmission of images. Today, an urgent task in the use of such systems is to improve the quality of images obtained using digital photo and video cameras. To solve this problem, digital recursive-separable smoothing filters can be used. The paper describes the process of operation of the algorithm for changing the size of the scanning multi-element aperture of a smoothing trapezoidal recursive-separable filter for digital image processing. The results of evaluating its performance relative to the same algorithm implemented through classical two-dimensional convolution for various sizes of test images are presented. The influence of the aperture size of the developed filter on the change in the signal-to-noise ratio is assessed. The algorithm was implemented in the MATLAB computing environment. Keywords: digital image processing, recursively separable filters, sharpening, quality assessment, performance. |
127–136 |